William jeffries



glnitrh tstrs. atcut @time WILLlAM JEFFRIES, OF WEST BROMWICH, ENGLAND,Letters Paten! No. 69,345, dated October 1, 1867; patented in. EnglandJanuary 22, 1866.

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TO ALL TO WHOM 1T MAY COXCERN:

Be it known that I, WILLIAM JEFERILS, of West Bromwich, in the county ofStafford, England, manager of iron-works, a subject ofthe Queen ofGrent- Britain, have invented or discovered neu and useful Improvementsin Puddling-Furnaces and Heating-Furnaces and other ReverberatoryFurnaces used in the hflanufacture of `Iron and Steel, and in thcManufacture of a Fcttling for Rcverberatory Furnacesf and I, the saidWILLMM JEFFRIES, do hereby declare the nature otl the said invention andin what manner the same is to be performed to be particularly describedand ascertained in and by the follouing statement thereof; that is tosay- My invention consists of the improvements hereinafter described inpuddlingfnrnaces and heating-furnaces, and other revcrbera'tory furnacesuseil in the manufact-ure of iron and steel, by which improvements greatstrength and stability are secured in the -aid furnaces, and thenecessity for the frequent. repairs required in the said furnaces, whenbuilt in the ordinary way, obviated.

I will describe my invention as applied to a puddiingfurnnce. I' supportthe bed of the furnace upon arches built of brick or stone, runningtroni end to end of the bed, that is to say, from the back ot' theash-pit to the end of the furnace. The said arches are open from end toend, and thc nir circulates freely through them. On the said arches thebed of the furnace is supported. The said bed is marie of hrieh orstun-e. und contains a seriesiof horizontal parallel passagesrunningffrom front to back, the sarl passages being open ,it bot-h endsto the air. The passage cf air through these passages keeps the bed ot"the furnace cool. Upon the bed of the furnace thel mill-cinder or otlurmaterial with which the bed is prepared is pnt. Upon the hed, andbetween it and the mill-cindcr, a plate of iron may be put if preferred.Instead of supporting the bed upon arches, as described, a bottom plateof iron may be used, upon which the mill-cindcr is put, the said bottomplate being supported upon pillars. By constructing the furnace in theway described the following parts, which in ordinary pudrlling-furnaccsare made of iron und require frequentrenewal, are dispensed with, thatis to (my, the bottom frame, the flue plates, tine bridge plates, iiuejamb plates, bridge jamb plates, back wall plates, and sometimes thebottom plates. Great economy thereby results both in the costof keepingthe furnace in repair and in the saving of time consequent upon thefurnace working e. long time without requiring repair. The applicationof my improvements to other rcvcrberatory furnaces used in themanufacture of iron and steel diilers in no essential respect from theirapplication to paddling-furnaces.

y invention consists further in manufacturing afettlingl for lining orrepairing puddling-furnaces and other revei'beratory furnaces by castingliquid niill-cinder or `other cinder in moulds, so as to form bricks orblocks o'f mill or other cinder.

I cor-struct thc mill or other furnace-bottom so that the said oindercan, when necessary', hc tapped from. the iron, and thereby leave adry-cintler bottom. No sand is used in the mill-furnace when the einderit to be used in carrying out my invention, ond the appearance andquality cf the sheets, pla-Les, or other dese. Lotion of iron and steelmade from the iron heated upon the said dry-cuidar bottom are muchimproved. The said dryeiuder bottom ofthe mill .or other furnace is keptin repair by adding to the said bot-tom red ore pottery naine undbull-dog, that is, eaicined cinder from puddlng-furnaces er otherfettling material, of which the bottom is made, in a manner similar tothat in which sand is added to the furnace-bottom. I do not limit myselfto any particular construction-ot' furnace-bottom, which Idice orfcttle, according:r to my invention, with biocks of miil or othercinrler, as thisv part of my invention is applicable to all descriptionsof reverberatory furnacesbut l prefer to construct the furnace-bottoniand use the said blocks of mill or other oinder in the mannerhereinafter described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing.

1n puddling-furnaces, the bottoms of which arc lincd or fettlco.according to my invention, the use cf red ore pottery mine and hull-dogand other fcttlings are dispensed with, and the yield and qualityproduced when the bottom is fettlcd with cinder blocks, is far superiorto the yield and quality produced when the fui-rodeol bottom is fcttledin the ordinary way. No scraps are required in the puddling-furnace whenthe said 'cindera bottom is used as fettling, and the quality ofthetap-cinder produced from the puddling-furnaee for 'use in theblast-furnace is equal to flue-einder.

When there is suicient mill-cinder no other fettling material isrequired, either puddlng, heating, or mili or other furnace.

posed.

Having explained the nature of my invention, Iwill proceed to describewith reference to the accompanying drawing the manner in which thesameis to be performed.

Figui-e1 represents -in longitudinal vertical section a puddling-furnaceconstructed according to my invon tion, and

Figure 2 is a horizontalpse'ction of the bed of the same. Y

a is the bed of the furnace, Zz the tire-places and c the chimney'orstack. The chimney or stack c is built upon the arch d, and between thesaid archand bridge c the bed of the furnace is supported. The saidbedis made of a bottom plate, a, of iron, supported by t-he longitudinal,barf, the latter being carried by the pillars g. The position of thesaid barf and pillars g is indicated in dotted lines in fig. 2.

The bottom-plate a of the bed is made in three pieces, connectedtogether dove-tail junctions, asbest seen in the separate view, Figure3, which represents the separate pieces of which the bottom plate a iscom- Instead of dove-tail junctions of the form represented ing. 3, thepieces composing the bottom plate may bejoined together by dove-tailjunctions of the form represented in Figure 4, that is to say, jointssimilar to those employed in joining together the parts of the framingof metallic bedsteads. e

Although I find it convenient to make the bottom plate a in'threepieces, yctit may be made in one or two pieces or more than threepieces. The sides of the bottomplate a are built in the side walls ofthe furnace, and the ends ofthe said plate are made to bear closelyagainst the bridge c and arch 0l, the said plate being supported in itslonger direction by the barf and pillars g, as before explained. Uponthe bottom plate a of the bed I build or arrange blocks L of mill-cinderor ball-furnace cinder or other fettling material with which the bed isto beiprepared, and upon the said blocks I put powdered mill-cinder orball-furnace cinder or other fettling material previous to using thefurnace. The blocks of mill-cinder or ball-furnace cinder or othercinder which I employ in preparing the bed of the furnace, are madein'moulds by conveying the liquid cinder from the mill or ball-furnaceto the said moulds, as hereinbefore described.

In fig. 2 the cinder on the bottom plate a is omitted in order to betterexhibit the construction of the said plate, and the manner in which itis supported. Air for supportingvthe combustionbf the fuel in the fire-lplace o is supplied above the grate by means vof vertical side fines,one of which is marked z', and the front opening k. The bridge e is madehollow, and is kept cool by a stream of water passing through it. As theconstruction of the fireplace and bridge constitutes no part of thepresent invention I donot think a detailed description of the samenecessary. The opening to the chimney c is contracted by a` saddlepiece, c2, by means of which an increased draught is obtained. By theuse of the saddle piece c2 the cinder is returned to the bed of thefurnace. d

Instead of supporting the bed upon pillars, as described,'andrepresented in figs. 1 and 2, the bed built of brick or stone may besupported upon arches, the said arches ruiming from the back of theash-pit to the end of the furnace, that is the arch d, upon which the"chimney c is built, is continued to the fire-bridge c. When the bed issupported upon arches the said bed may have a series of horizontalparallel passagesmade in it, running from front to back, the saidpassages being open at both ends to the air. By means of the circulationof air through these passages the bed is kept cool. Upon this bed ofbrick or stone the blocks of mill-cindcr or ball-furnace cinder dr otherfettling material with which the bed is to be prepared are put, or aplate of iron similar to the plate a, figs. l and 2, may be placed uponthe brick or stone bed, and the blocks of mill-cinder or ball-furnacecinder built or arranged upon it in the manner described, andrepresented in the drawing. By constructing puddling-furnaces in themanner described and represented the bottom frame iluc plates, fluebridge plates, flue plates, bridge jamb plates, buck wall plates, andsometimes the bottom plates arc dispensed with. In ordinary furnaces theparts just enumerated require frequent renewal. By my invention a greatsaving, both in the cest ofconstruction and keeping the furnace inrepair, is obtained, and the necessity for the frequent repairs requiredin furnaces of the ordinary construction is obviated.

In applying my invention to mill, ball, and other reverberatory furnacesused in the manufacture of iron and steel, the beds of the said furnacesare constructed essentially in the manner described with reference to'the bed of a puddling-furnace, the details only being varied to suit theparticular furnace to which my invention is to be applied.

Having now described the nature of my invention, and the manner in whichthe same is to be performed, I wish it to be understood that I do notlimit myself to the precise details herein described, and representedinthe drawing, as the same may be varied without departing from thenature of my invention; but I claim as my invention- 4 1. Theimprovements in paddling-furnaces andl heating-furnaces and otherreverberatory furnaceslused in the manufacture of iron and steelhereinbefore described, and illustrated in the accompanying drawing,that is to say, constructing the beds of the said furnaces substantiallyinthe manner hereinbefore described and illustrated, whereby the wholeor nearly the whole of the plates used in ordinary furnaces aredispensed with, and great economy, both in thecost of keeping thefurnaces in repair and in the savingpoftime consequent upon the furnacesworking a long time without requiring repair, is obtained.

2. Manufacturing a fettling for lining,'fettling, or repairingrevcrbcratory furnaces by tapping or running liquid mill or other cindcrinto moulds,-so as thereby to form bricks or blocks, which bricks orblocks aroused to line, fettle, or repair the bottoms of reverberatoryfurnaces, instead of fettling the said furnace swith red lirc potterymine and tap-cinder calcined and ground as is usual. v

WILLIAM JEFFRIFS. 4[L s] Witnesses:

GEORGE SHAW, 7 Cannon Sfrcet, Bz'rmz'nghrmz.. RICHARD Snnnnn'r'r, 7Cannon. Street, Birmingham.

